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Tristam
Shandy—a schooner-rigged,
iron-hulled sidewheel steamer
completed in 1864 at Greenock, Scotland—was originally owned by Matthew Isaac Wilson,
a Liverpool, England, merchant. The ship subsequently sailed for the
Bahamas, whence she took part in British efforts to continue trade with Southern states
during the American Civil
War.
On her first attempt to
run the Federal blockade, Tristam
Shandy outdistanced a Union
pursuer by dumping cargo overboard to gain a few more knots of speed. After reaching Wilmington, N.C., she
returned to Nassau to pick up
another cargo earmarked for the Confederacy.
Successfully slipping
through the blockade, she unloaded
at Wilmington and took on board a valuable cargo of cotton, turpentine, and tobacco. In
addition, $50,000 in Confederate
specie reposed in the ship's safe. On 15 May 1864, the steamer attempted to slip to
sea under the protective covering of
a rain squall. The ship was darkened
to avoid detection by roving Union patrols, but her funnels suddenly commenced
throwing highly visible flames.
Union gunboat Kansas spotted the telltale light and gave chase. For two hours,
Kansas pursued and slowly
gained on the fleeing blockade runner. Meanwhile, Tristam Shandy's
master frantically called down
for more steam. The fugitive steamer's engineer zealously carried out the
orders from the bridge until a valve
failure stopped her engine. Slowly,
the blockade runner lost way and lay dead in the water, an easy prey for Union
sailors. A boarding party from
Kansas rigged a towline to the prize, and the blockader towed her to Beaufort,
N.C. The erstwhile blockade runner
was then taken to Massachusetts
where the Navy purchased her from the Boston Prize Court.
Repaired and converted to
a gunboat at the Boston Navy Yard,
the ship proceeded to Hampton Roads, Va., where she was commissioned on 12 August
1864, Acting Vol. Lt. Edward F. Devens in command. Eleven days later, the ship arrived off Wilmington on 23
August and began duty as a
blockader. On 7 September, her
lookout sighted a strange ship. However, the distance between the two ships was too great, and the
quarry slipped away. Her next chance
came on 31 October when she joined
Santiago de Cuba and Mount Vernon in pursuing a blockade runner which escaped
after a three-hour chase.
On 3 December 1864, a
blockade runner, whose name could
not be determined, ran aground off the western bar at Wilmington, at Marshall Shoals. Although
within range of Fort Fisher's guns,
Tristam Shandy closed the
disabled blockade runner to destroy her before she could be salvaged by Southern forces.
Commencing fire with her Parrott
rifle and her 3-pounders, the Union
gunboat soon reduced the grounded runner to a blazing wreck, down by the bow and sinking
from numerous hits. Meanwhile, Confederate batteries opened fire on the gunboat, and several Southern shells
splashed close alongside. Through skillful maneuvering by her commanding officer, Tristam Shandy emerged
unscathed, as she kept behind the clouds of smoke from her own guns and thus confused the Confederate
lookouts spotting for the fort's heavy rifles.
On Christmas Eve, in an
attempt to take Fort Fisher and thus
close the Confederacy's last major seaport, Rear Admiral David D. Porter deployed a large
fleet of gunboats, ironclads, and
transports off the fort and commenced laying down a heavy shore bombardment.
Army forces slated to take part in
the operation, under General Ben
Butler, arrived from northward too
late to commence operations on the first day. Ill feeling resulted between
Butler and Porter, with the former
officer returning to Washington and the operation temporarily shelved.
After participating in the initial December bombardments of Fort Fisher, Tristam Shandy took
part in the second assault which
commenced on Friday, 13 January 1865.
A frontal assault by sailors and marines drawn from landing forces in the
Fleet suffered disastrously as fusilades of
gunfire from Confederate sharpshooters and cannoneers swept them down as wheat
before a scythe. Meanwhile, Army
forces attacked from the landward
side, storming the fort's relatively undefended rear. By 15 January, Fisher was secured
in Union hands, and the last barrier
to Wilmington was removed, enabling the Union to stop the flow of supplies through the Confederacy's last
seaport.
Tristam Shandy
resumed patrol operations off
Wilmington; and, on 25 January 1865, she captured blockade runner Blenheim. The runner's captain
and crew had not received the news of
the fall of Fort Fisher and anchored off Mound Battery. He thus fell prey
to Union sailors from the gunboat, who
boarded Blenheim, and
captured her easily.
On 31 January,
Tristam Shandy joined the East Gulf
Blockading Squadron and remained with that
group into the spring. Returning
north, she served as a dispatch vessel with Union forces operating in
Hampton Roads. Admiral Porter embarked in
Tristam Shandy on 14 April,
after the admiral had previously escorted President Lincoln on a tour of the
devastated fallen Confederate
capital of Richmond, Va. Two days later, the ship moored at Baltimore,
where the admiral was greeted with the sad
news that the President had been
assassinated the previous night in Washington.
On 26 April, the ship
returned to Hampton Roads to continue
her duties as a dispatch vessel, operating off the Virginia capes, concurrently serving as a
lookout and keeping watch for the
Confederate ram Stonewall, believed to be still at sea and unaware
that hostilities had ceased.
Tristam Shandy
then conveyed Confederate
prisoners to Fort Pulaski, Georgia,
in late May and returned to Hampton
Roads on 2 June. Upon arrival, she was assigned to duty as a roving vessel operating
under the direct orders of the
Commander of the North Atlantic
Squadron, for his use in inspecting the various ships and stations under his
command.
On 21 June 1865, her name
was changed to Boxer (q.v.). Her service as a warship finished, Tristam
Shandy was laid up at Philadelphia in the late summer
of 1865. She remained in reserve
until sold on 1 September 1868 to J.
N. Middleton, of Philadelphia, who
renamed her Firefly.
The erstwhile blockade runner and gunboat operated subsequently in mercantile service under a
succession of owners until she ran
aground off Havana, Cuba, and was
declared a total loss in 1874. |